What it is
Retinal detachment is when the retina peels away from the back wall of the eye. It is an emergency: without treatment it can lead to permanent loss of vision. Surgery seals the tears and puts the retina back in place. Methods include vitrectomy (removing the gel inside the eye and filling it with gas or silicone oil to hold the retina in position), a scleral buckle (a small band placed on the outside of the eye), and laser or freezing treatment to seal tears.
Who it's for
Seek same-day care if you notice sudden new floaters, flashes of light, or a curtain or shadow spreading across your vision. Retinal detachment is more common in people with high short-sight, after cataract surgery or eye injury, and in those with a family history.
What to expect
The retina is examined urgently after dilating drops, sometimes with an ultrasound scan. Surgery is done under local or general anaesthesia. If a gas bubble is used, you may need to keep your head in a particular position for some days.
Recovery
Vision recovers over weeks to months and depends on how long the retina was detached and whether its centre (the macula) was affected. With a gas bubble in the eye, do not fly or travel to high altitudes until your doctor says the gas has gone. Silicone oil may need a second operation to remove it.
Frequently asked questions
Is retinal detachment an emergency?
Yes. The sooner it is treated, the better the chance of saving vision. Come to the hospital the same day if you notice warning signs.
Can a retinal tear be treated before it detaches?
Often yes. A tear found early can usually be sealed with laser treatment before it leads to a detachment.
Medically reviewed by Dr. Sweta Patro
