What it is
Trabeculectomy is an operation to lower eye pressure in glaucoma. The surgeon creates a small, controlled opening in the white of the eye (the sclera), hidden under the upper eyelid, so that fluid can drain out into a small blister-like space called a “bleb” under the eye's thin outer skin (the conjunctiva).
Who it's for
People whose glaucoma is not controlled by eye drops or laser treatment, who cannot tolerate or use drops regularly, or whose optic nerve damage is getting worse despite treatment.
What to expect
The surgery is done under local anaesthesia, so the eye is numbed while you stay awake. The eye is covered with a pad afterwards. Your doctor will advise whether you go home the same day or stay overnight.
Recovery
You will have frequent follow-up visits in the first weeks so the doctor can check the pressure and, if needed, adjust stitches. Vision may be blurred for some weeks. Use your drops as prescribed and avoid rubbing the eye, bending, heavy lifting, dust and water in the eye for as long as advised. The bleb needs lifelong care: a red, painful or sticky eye at any time after surgery needs urgent attention.
Frequently asked questions
Will trabeculectomy improve my vision?
No. The aim is to protect the vision you still have by lowering eye pressure. It does not restore vision already lost to glaucoma.
Will I still need eye drops after surgery?
Some people can stop their glaucoma drops, while others still need some. Regular follow-up is needed either way.
Medically reviewed by Dr. Sweta Patro